Samspil hýsla og sýkla í samfélögum botnlægra kísilþörunga og tegunda úr fylkingum Chytridimycota, Oomycota og Labyrinthulomycota í sjó og ísöltu umhverfi - verkefni lokið
Fréttatilkynning verkefnisstjóra
The results have been internationally recognized and particularly the research related to host-parasite interactions will be continued on international level.
Infections by epi- and endobiotic, zoospore-producing
parasites are in most cases lethal for the host. During a long-term monitoring
conducted in the Húnaflói (northwest Iceland), focusing originally on chytrids
and oomycetes, the presence of several zoosporic parasites in parallel was
observed infecting individual host-diatoms in the microphytobenthos and
phytoplankton (Scholz 2015; Scholz et al. 2016). It was found that the
infections followed seasonal succession patterns of zoosporic parasites with up
to 98% overall infection rates of the total diatom community in the
phytoplankton. Hence, such parasites have significant impacts on the abundance
of individual hosts and modulating thereby the composition of communities at
both producer and consumer trophic levels of food webs (Jephcott et al. 2017;
Gleason et al. 2017; Frenken et al. 2017). Further laboratory test series with
marine host-diatom and chytrid isolates indicated the potential of the diatoms
to defend themselves against the infection by chytrid zoospores (Scholz et al.
2017a) as well as demonstrated a direct link between environmental stressors
and host-susceptibility (Scholz et al. 2017b).
The results have been internationally recognized and particularly the
research related to host-parasite interactions will be continued on
international level.
Heiti verkefnis: Samspil hýsla og sýkla í samfélögum botnlægra
kísilþörunga og tegunda úr fylkingum Chytridimycota, Oomycota og
Labyrinthulomycota í sjó og ísöltu umhverfi / Host-pathogen interactions
between brackish and marine microphytobenthic diatom taxa and representatives
of the Chytridiomycota, Oomycota and Labyrinthulomycota
Verkefnisstjóri: Bettina Scholz, Sjávarlíftæknisetrið BioPol ehf.
Tegund styrks: Rannsóknastöðustyrkur
Styrkár: 2014-2016
Fjárhæð styrks: 21 millj. kr. alls
Tilvísunarnúmer Rannís: 14142305
Scholz, B., 2015. Host-pathogen interactions between brackish and marine microphytobenthic diatom taxa and representatives of the Chytridiomycota, Oomycota and Labyrinthulomycota. Status report for the Icelandic Research Fund from May to June 2014. doi: 10.13140/RG.2.1.4769.6087
Scholz, B.; Guillou, L.; Marano, A.V.; Neuhauser, S.; Sullivan, B. K.; Karsten, U.; Küpper, F.C.; Gleason, F.H. (2016). Zoosporic parasites infecting marine diatoms - A black box that needs to be opened. Fungal Ecology, 19, 59–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2015.09.002.
Scholz, B.; Küpper, F.C.; Vyverman, W.; Ólafsson, H.G.; Karsten U. (2017a). Chytridiomycosis of marine diatoms - The potential role of chemotactic triggers and defense molecules in parasite-host interactions. Marine Drugs, 15, 26; doi:10.3390/md15020026; http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/15/2/26
Scholz, B.; Küpper, F.C.; Vyverman, W.; Ólafsson, H.G.; Karsten U. (2017b). Effects of environmental parameters on chytrid infection prevalence of four marine diatoms – a laboratory case study. Botanica Marina, https://doi.org /10.1515/bot-2016-0105.
Frenken, T.; Alacid, E.; Berger, S.A.; Bourne, E.C.; Gerphagnon, M.; Grossart, H.-P.; Gsell, A. S.; Ibelings, B. W.; Kagami M.; Küpper, F.C.; Letcher P.M.; Loyau, A.; Miki T.; Nejstgaard, J. C.; Rasconi, S.; Rene, A.; Rohrlack, T.; Rojas- Jimenez, K.; Schmeller, D.S.; Scholz, B.; Seto, K.; Sime-Ngando, T.; Sukenik, A.; Van de Waal, D.B.; Van den Wyngaert, S.; Van Donk, E.; Wolinska, J.; Wurzbacher, C.; Agha, R. (2017). Integrating chytrid fungal parasites into plankton ecology. Research gaps and needs. Environmental Microbiology, doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.13827.
Jephcott, T.G.; Gleason, F.H.; van Ogtrop, F.F.; Macarthur, D.J.; Scholz, B. (2017). "The ecology of chytrid and aphelid parasites of phytoplankton". In Fungal Community, its organization and role in the ecosystem, fourth edition. Edited by John Dighton, James F. White; pp 239–256, CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, USA.
Gleason, F.H.; Scholz, B.; Jephcott, T.G.; van Ogtrop, F.F.; Henderson, L.; Osu Lilje, O.; Kittelmann, S.; Macarthur, D.J. (2017). Key ecological roles for zoosporic true fungi in aquatic habitats. Pre-publicized in: American Society for Microbiology (ASM) Microbiology Spectrum 5(2): doi:10.1128/microbiolspec.FUNK-0038-2016.
